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Bias in the LEVIATHAN Stream Cipher

Paul Crowley 1 - Stefan Lucks 2

Abstract:

We show two methods of distinguishing the LEVIATHAN stream cipher from a random stream using \( 2^{36} \) bytes of output and proportional effort; both arise from compression within the cipher. The first models the cipher as two random functions in sequence, and shows that the probability of a collision in 64-bit output blocks is doubled as a result; the second shows artifacts where the same inputs are presented to the key-dependent S-boxes in the final stage of the cipher for two successive outputs. Both distinguishers are demonstrated with experiments on a reduced variant of the cipher.



Footnotes

... Crowley1
cryptolabs Amsterdam, paul@cryptolabs.org This research was supported by convergence integrated media GmbH
... Lucks2
University of Mannheim lucks@weisskugel.informatik.uni-mannheim.de This research was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) grant Kr 1521/2




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